What does "interrogation" mean?

What Does Interrogation Mean? | Legal Information | Lawyer in Izmir | Law Firm in Izmir | Efes Law Firm

interrogation, 

noun, archaic, (isticva:bı), Arabic

Questioning

The court may, on its own initiative or upon request, decide to hear (interrogate) each of the parties to the case regarding the facts forming the basis of the case and matters related thereto.Article 169 of the Code of Civil ProcedureIn the case of legal entities, those authorized to represent them shall be heard; and in the case of a minor or a person under guardianship, that person's legal representative shall be heard.Article 170 of the Code of Civil Procedure)

The person summoned for questioning is personally sent a summons by the court, clearly stating that they must be present at the appointed time and date. The summons also lists the events/facts that are the subject of the questioning; it also includes a warning that if the party fails to appear without a valid excuse, or if they appear but fail to answer the questions, they will be deemed to have admitted the facts that are the subject of the questioning. If the party summoned to court for questioning fails to appear without a valid excuse, or if they appear but leave the questions unanswered, they will be deemed to have accepted the matters to be questioned by the court.Article 171 of the Code of Civil Procedure)

The person to be interrogated must appear in person. However, if the person to be interrogated resides outside the province where the court is located and it is not possible to conduct the interrogation simultaneously via audio and video transmission at their location, the court in their place of residence may conduct the interrogation. Similarly, if the person to be interrogated is unable to appear in court in person due to illness, disability, or similar reasons, they will be interrogated at their location.Article 172 of the Code of Civil Procedure)

The person ordered to be interrogated is interrogated in person. Before beginning, the judge reminds the party that they must tell the truth. The opposing party and their lawyers may be present during the interrogation. The party being questioned may not use written notes without the permission of the court.Article 173 of the Code of Civil Procedure)

The statements made by the party being heard, the questions asked, and the answers given are recorded in the minutes. After the minutes are read in the presence of the parties, they are signed by the party being heard. If they refuse to sign, this is recorded in the minutes by the judge.Article 174 of the Code of Civil Procedure)

Supreme Court of Appeals, 9th Civil Chamber, Case No. 2017/20557, Decision No. 2017/7841

However, in procedures that depend on the person, such as interrogation and oath-taking, The notification should be served to the principal who will be carrying out the transaction, not to the representative. It is a legal requirement.

Supreme Court 19th Civil Chamber Case No. 2016/1850 Decision No. 2016/14265

The plaintiff filed a complaint regarding credit receipts bearing the company's stamp and signature documenting fuel sales transactions. The court, in its interim decision number 3 dated 20/12/2011, ordered an interrogation, and the summons, with annotations, was served to the defendant company on 24/05/2012.

The defendant neither responded within the given deadline nor appeared in court to make any statement. (Law No. 6100) HMK‘according to article 171 of The court ruled that the defendant's failure to appear in court without excuse and his refusal to answer questions would be deemed an admission of the facts. The decision was rendered in writing based on erroneous reasoning and without due consideration, thus necessitating its reversal.

Supreme Court of Appeals, 6th Civil Chamber, Case No. 2012/4304, Decision No. 2012/7562

The existence of a car rental agreement between the parties is disputed. The burden of proof for the contractual relationship rests with the plaintiff. Although the court decided to accept the case by questioning the third party, Çan, regarding whether he was an employee of the defendant, and considering that Çan admitted to being an employee because he did not appear despite being summoned, HMK‘regulated in articles 169 and subsequent articles of the law Interrogation is a procedural step that a judge may initiate, either on their own initiative or at the request of one of the parties, in a lawsuit to clarify certain facts related to that case and to obtain an admission from the party against whom the claim is made regarding its existence or non-existence. It is not a means of proof in itself. The plaintiff's claim is not proof of a validly made delivery, but rather a legal transaction (contract) that cannot be proven through interrogation.

However, since the plaintiff relied on the defendant's business ledgers, Turkish Commercial Code‘'s 80 and 81 and HMK‘According to Articles 219 and subsequent articles of the law, since the judge can order the defendant to present their books, the court should have first decided to question the defendant on this matter. If the defendant presents their commercial books, an expert examination should have been conducted. If the defendant fails to present their commercial books, or if the defendant cannot prove their claim even with their commercial books, the plaintiff, who explicitly relies on sworn testimony in their list of evidence, should have been reminded of their right to offer the defendant an oath to prove the contractual relationship. A decision should have been made based on the outcome of this process. However, the judgment was rendered in writing as a result of an incomplete examination, which is deemed incorrect, and therefore the decision must be overturned.

Supreme Court of Appeals, 2nd Civil Chamber, Case No. 2014/21165, Decision No. 2015/9882

The court issued a summons to the defendant woman, stating that if she did not appear in court and answer the questions asked, she would be implying that she had a relationship with another man. Since the defendant woman did not appear despite being served with the summons, the existence of this relationship was accepted, and a divorce was granted. In divorce cases, the parties' admissions do not bind the judge.TMK. (Article 184/3). For the reasons explained, issuing an interrogation summons in this manner is also incorrect according to procedural rules. The file does not prove that the defendant woman committed any culpable act warranting divorce after the plaintiff husband sent her a notice of abandonment. Therefore, while the case should have been dismissed, the decision rendered in writing is incorrect and warrants reversal.

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