{"id":8742,"date":"2023-02-08T13:18:32","date_gmt":"2023-02-08T10:18:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/?p=8742"},"modified":"2023-02-08T13:19:45","modified_gmt":"2023-02-08T10:19:45","slug":"vasi-tayini-gerektiren-durumlar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/vasi-tayini-gerektiren-durumlar\/","title":{"rendered":"Situations Requiring Guardianship Appointment"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Vasi<\/figure>\n\n\n\n

Vasi Tayini Gerektiren Durumlar – \u0130zmir Avukat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vasi, k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131lar\u0131n veya velisi olmayan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fcklerin menfaatlerini korumak \u00fczere mahkemenin tayin etti\u011fi ki\u015fidir. Mahkeme genelde vesayet alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak ki\u015finin e\u015fini, yak\u0131n\u0131n\u0131 veya onlar\u0131n se\u00e7ece\u011fi ki\u015fiyi vasi tayin eder. Vasi, ki\u015finin hak ve menfaatlerini koruma y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcl\u00fc\u011f\u00fcyle onlar\u0131n ad\u0131na hukuki i\u015flemler yapmakla, haklar\u0131n\u0131 korumakla y\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fcd\u00fcr.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vasi tayini gerektiren durumlar ise kanunda belirtilmi\u015ftir. Buna g\u00f6re: 18 ya\u015f\u0131ndan k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck olup kimsenin velayeti alt\u0131nda olmayan, (T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re velayet alt\u0131nda bulunmayan her k\u00fc\u00e7\u00fck vesayet alt\u0131na al\u0131n\u0131r.) Ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 ya da ak\u0131l zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olan ki\u015filer, alkol ya da uyu\u015fturucu ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131s\u0131 olan, k\u00f6t\u00fc ya\u015fam tarz\u0131na sahip ve mal varl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fcye kullanan ki\u015filer, bir y\u0131l ve \u00fczeri bir s\u00fcrede \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc k\u0131s\u0131tlay\u0131c\u0131 cezaya mahkum olmu\u015f ki\u015filer, ki\u015finin iste\u011fi \u00fczerine olmak \u015fart\u0131yla ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131k, engellilik ve a\u011f\u0131r hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olanlar vesayet alt\u0131na al\u0131nacak ki\u015filer olarak belirlenmi\u015ftir. Baz\u0131 durumlarda da mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan ki\u015fiye k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k karar\u0131 verilebilir. Bu karar\u0131 mahkeme re\u2019sen alabilece\u011fi gibi ki\u015finin talebi \u00fczerine k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k karar\u0131 alabilir. Bu haller de yine kanunda say\u0131l\u0131d\u0131r. \u0130nceleyecek olursak:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

1. Ak\u0131l Hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 Veya Ak\u0131l Zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 Sebebi \u0130le Vasi Tayini Gerektiren Durumlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

TMK\u2019n\u0131n<\/a> 405\/1. maddesine g\u00f6re; \u201cAk\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ak\u0131l zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle i\u015flerini g\u00f6remeyen veya korunmas\u0131 ve bak\u0131m\u0131 i\u00e7in kendisine s\u00fcrekli yard\u0131m gereken ya da ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye sokan her ergin k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r.\u201d denmektedir. Ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ak\u0131l zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 nedenleriyle k\u0131s\u0131tlamaya karar verilebilmesi i\u00e7in ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya ak\u0131l zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n resmi sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporu kan\u0131tlanm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 ko\u015fuldur. H\u00e2kim, k\u0131s\u0131tlamaya ili\u015fkin karar vermeden \u00f6nce, kurul raporunu g\u00f6z \u00f6n\u00fcnde tutarak k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 istenilen ki\u015fiyi dinleyebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6z konusu kanuna g\u00f6re ki\u015finin sadece ak\u0131l hastas\u0131 veya ak\u0131l zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmas\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131 i\u00e7in tek ba\u015f\u0131na yeterli olmamakta ayr\u0131ca ki\u015finin ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya zay\u0131fl\u0131\u011f\u0131 y\u00f6n\u00fcnden i\u015flerini g\u00f6rememesi veya koruma ve bak\u0131m i\u00e7in ba\u015fka birine ihtiya\u00e7 duymas\u0131 ya da s\u00f6z konusu durum y\u00fcz\u00fcnden ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehlikeye sokmas\u0131 gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

2. Savurganl\u0131k, Alkol Veya Uyu\u015fturucu Madde Ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, K\u00f6t\u00fc Ya\u015fama Tarz\u0131, K\u00f6t\u00fc Y\u00f6netim Sebebi \u0130le Vasi Tayini Gerektiren Durumlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019na g\u00f6re Savurganl\u0131\u011f\u0131, alkol veya uyu\u015fturucu Madde ba\u011f\u0131ml\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, k\u00f6t\u00fc ya\u015fama tarz\u0131 veya malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netmesi sebebiyle kendisini veya ailesini darl\u0131k veya yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme tehlikesine yol a\u00e7an ve bu y\u00fczden devaml\u0131 korunmaya ve bak\u0131ma muhta\u00e7 olan ya da ba\u015fkalar\u0131n\u0131n g\u00fcvenli\u011fini tehdit<\/a> eden her ergin k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u00f6z konusu kanuna g\u00f6re yine ki\u015finin savurganl\u0131\u011f\u0131, alkol veya uyu\u015fturucu madde kullan\u0131m\u0131 ya da malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netmesi tek ba\u015f\u0131na k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k karar\u0131 verilmesi i\u00e7in gereken \u015fart de\u011fildir. Ayr\u0131ca ki\u015finin bu ya\u015fam bi\u00e7imi y\u00fcz\u00fcnden kendisini veya ailesini darl\u0131\u011fa, yoksullu\u011fa d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcrme tehlikesi bulunmal\u0131d\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

TMK madde 409’a g\u00f6re, bir kimse dinlenilmeden savurganl\u0131\u011f\u0131, malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netimi sebebiyle k\u0131s\u0131tlanamaz. G\u00f6r\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc \u00fczere TMK’n\u0131n emredici h\u00fckm\u00fc gere\u011fi savurganl\u0131k ya da malvarl\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131n k\u00f6t\u00fc y\u00f6netimi nedeniyle k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131 aday\u0131 dinlenmeden bu ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131 verilemez.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

3. \u00d6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc Ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 Ceza Sonucu Vasi Tayini Gerektiren Durumlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ceza mahk\u00fbmiyetinin \u00f6nemli sonu\u00e7lar\u0131ndan biri, ki\u015fiyi maruz b\u0131rakt\u0131\u011f\u0131 k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131l\u0131k h\u00e2lidir. 4721 say\u0131l\u0131 T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 407. maddesine g\u00f6re, bir y\u0131l veya daha fazla s\u00fcreli bir hapis cezas\u0131na mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015f olan her ergin k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r. K\u0131s\u0131tlama; ergin olan ve velayet alt\u0131nda bulunmayan bir ki\u015finin fiil ehliyetinin, kanunda yer alan sebeplere dayal\u0131 olarak, mahkeme karar\u0131yla s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. K\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131 tam ehliyetli ki\u015finin ehliyetini s\u0131n\u0131rland\u0131r\u0131r ve onu s\u0131n\u0131rl\u0131 ehliyetsiz h\u00e2le getirir. Bir y\u0131l veya daha uzun s\u00fcreli bir hapis cezas\u0131na mahk\u00fbm edilmi\u015f olan erginlerin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmalar\u0131n\u0131n temelinde, onlar\u0131 ceza infaz kurumlar\u0131nda bulunduklar\u0131 s\u0131rada denetim alt\u0131nda tutmak ve yine bu s\u0131rada onlar\u0131n maddi ve manevi \u00e7\u0131karlar\u0131n\u0131 korumak gayeleri yatmaktad\u0131r. Bir y\u0131l veya daha fazla hapis cezas\u0131na mahkum olmak k\u0131s\u0131tlama sebebidir. Hangi cezadan olursa olsun bir y\u0131ldan fazla \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 bir ceza al\u0131nmas\u0131 sonucu ki\u015finin fiil ehliyeti k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

4. \u0130stek \u00dczerine Vasi Tayini Gerektiren Durumlar<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ya\u015fl\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131, engellili\u011fi, deneyimsizli\u011fi veya a\u011f\u0131r hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 sebebiyle i\u015flerini gerekti\u011fi gibi y\u00f6netemedi\u011fini ispat eden her ergin mahkemeden hakk\u0131nda k\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131n\u0131n al\u0131nmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. (Ya\u015fl\u0131larda ve \u00f6zellikle alzheimer, demans gibi hastal\u0131klara sahip olduklar\u0131nda ba\u015fkalar\u0131na muhta\u00e7 ve kendi i\u015flerini gere\u011fi gibi y\u00f6netemedi\u011fi zaman k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131 talepli dava a\u00e7\u0131labilir. Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan ki\u015finin k\u0131s\u0131tlanmas\u0131na dair gerek olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131na dair de\u011ferlendirme yap\u0131lacak ve tam te\u015fekk\u00fcll\u00fc bir hastaneden sa\u011fl\u0131k kurulu raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131 talebinde bulunacakt\u0131r.)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vasi tayini gerektiren durumlarda, kanunun ilgili h\u00fck\u00fcmlerine g\u00f6re vesayet alt\u0131na al\u0131nmas\u0131 istenen ki\u015finin dinlenilmesine, sa\u011fl\u0131k raporu al\u0131nmas\u0131na karar verilir. K\u0131s\u0131tlama karar\u0131, kesinle\u015fince hemen k\u0131s\u0131tl\u0131n\u0131n yerle\u015fim yeri ile n\u00fcfusa kay\u0131tl\u0131 oldu\u011fu yerde il\u00e2n olunur.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vasi Tayini Gerektiren Durumlar \u0130lgili Yarg\u0131tay Kararlar\u0131 :<\/em><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

(Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi 2016\/8231 Esas, 2017\/13790 Karar) : <\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aile mahkemesi s\u0131fat\u0131yla g\u00f6r\u00fclen bo\u015fanma davas\u0131nda karar verilmi\u015f, h\u00fck\u00fcm daval\u0131 erkek taraf\u0131ndan temyiz edilmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131tay taraf\u0131ndan ger\u00e7ekle\u015ftirilen dosya incelemesinde daval\u0131n\u0131n a\u011f\u0131r ceza mahkemesinde uyu\u015fturucu veya uyar\u0131c\u0131 madde imal ve ticareti su\u00e7undan 8 y\u0131l hapis cezas\u0131 ile cezaland\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131na karar verildi\u011fini tespit etmi\u015ftir. \u0130lgili karar kesinle\u015fmi\u015f oldu\u011fundan cezaevinde h\u00fck\u00fcml\u00fc oldu\u011fu anla\u015f\u0131lm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. T\u00fcrk Medeni Kanunu\u2019nun 407. maddesine g\u00f6re 1 y\u0131l veya uzun s\u00fcreli \u00f6zg\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011f\u00fc ba\u011flay\u0131c\u0131 cezaya mahkum olan erginin k\u0131s\u0131tlan\u0131r h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc haiz oldu\u011fundan daval\u0131y\u0131 temsil etmek \u00fczere vasi atanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in vesayet makam\u0131na ihbarda bulunulmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fi belirtilmi\u015ftir. Mahkemenin usule ayk\u0131r\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle bozma y\u00f6n\u00fcnde karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi 2016\/1035 Esas, 2017\/5510 Karar)<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Taraflar aras\u0131nda dava g\u00f6r\u00fclm\u00fc\u015f, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan kurulan h\u00fckme kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k daval\u0131 kad\u0131n taraf\u0131ndan temyiz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunulmu\u015ftur. Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan hastaneden al\u0131nan raporda daval\u0131 kad\u0131n\u0131n s\u0131n\u0131r zekas\u0131 d\u00fczeyinde zekas\u0131n\u0131n bulundu\u011fu ve herhangi bir ak\u0131l hastal\u0131\u011f\u0131 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131ndan vasi tayini gerekmedi\u011fi belirtildi\u011fi, yasal dan\u0131\u015fman\u0131n uygun oldu\u011funa dair karar verildi\u011fi tespit edilmi\u015ftir. Yarg\u0131tay, mahkemenin kurmu\u015f oldu\u011fu h\u00fckm\u00fc hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funu tespit etmi\u015ftir. Daval\u0131 kad\u0131na yasal dan\u0131\u015fman atanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in s\u00fcre verilmeden, yasal dan\u0131\u015fman atanmas\u0131na ili\u015fkin karar dosyaya al\u0131nmadan verilen h\u00fck\u00fcm hakk\u0131nda bozma karar\u0131 vermi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

(Yarg\u0131tay 2. Hukuk Dairesi 2017\/1280 Esas, 2017\/5315 Karar)<\/em><\/strong><\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

B\u00fcy\u00fckbaba, torunun annesine kar\u015f\u0131 dava a\u00e7m\u0131\u015f, \u00e7ocu\u011fa sert davrand\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ve velayetinin kald\u0131r\u0131larak vasi olarak kendisinin atanmas\u0131na karar verilmesini, verilmez ise \u00e7ocukla aras\u0131nda ki\u015fisel ili\u015fki tesis edilmesi talebinde bulunmu\u015ftur. Mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan dava reddedilmi\u015f, karara kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131k davac\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan temyiz ba\u015fvurusunda bulunulmu\u015ftur. Yarg\u0131tay, mahkeme taraf\u0131ndan \u00e7ocuk ile anne aras\u0131nda menfaat \u00e7at\u0131\u015fmas\u0131 olmas\u0131 nedeniyle \u00e7ocuklar\u0131 davada temsil etmek amac\u0131yla kayy\u0131m atanmas\u0131 i\u00e7in yetkili vesayet makam\u0131na ihbarda bulunmas\u0131 gerekti\u011fini belirtmi\u015ftir. Kayy\u0131m\u0131n delillerinin toplanmas\u0131 ve t\u00fcm delillerle birlikte de\u011ferlendirilmesi has\u0131l oldu\u011fu belirterek eksik has\u0131m ve eksik inceleme ile kurulmas\u0131 nedeniyle bozma karar verilmi\u015ftir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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