{"id":8267,"date":"2022-08-03T10:13:49","date_gmt":"2022-08-03T07:13:49","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/?p=8267"},"modified":"2022-08-07T15:45:10","modified_gmt":"2022-08-07T12:45:10","slug":"ruhsata-aykiri-kacak-yapi","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/ruhsata-aykiri-kacak-yapi\/","title":{"rendered":"Illegal Construction Without Permit"},"content":{"rendered":"
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\"Ruhsata
Illegal Construction Without Permit<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n

Ruhsata Ayk\u0131r\u0131 Ka\u00e7ak Yap\u0131 – \u0130zmir Avukat<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu<\/a>\u2019nun 21. maddesine g\u00f6re, belediye veya il \u00f6zel idaresinden ruhsat almadan yap\u0131 yapmak yasakt\u0131r. \u0130lgili kanundaki yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 al\u0131nmadan yap\u0131lan her t\u00fcrl\u00fc in\u015faat ve yap\u0131 ise ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131 olarak adland\u0131r\u0131l\u0131r. Ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131, in\u015faat a\u015famas\u0131nda ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilece\u011fi gibi; in\u015faat\u0131n tamamlanmas\u0131ndan sonra da ortaya \u00e7\u0131kabilir. \u00d6rne\u011fin bitmi\u015f olan in\u015faat sonras\u0131nda m\u00fclk sahibinin ruhsata ayk\u0131r\u0131 \u015fekilde camlar\u0131n\u0131 geni\u015fletmesi ruhsata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k yarataca\u011f\u0131 i\u00e7in ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131ya \u00f6rnektir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mevzuat\u0131 \u0130nceleyecek Olursak:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Madde 21 \u2013 Bu Kanunun kapsam\u0131na giren b\u00fct\u00fcn yap\u0131lar i\u00e7in 26 nc\u0131 maddede belirtilen istisna d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda belediye veya valiliklerden yap\u0131 ruhsatiyesi al\u0131nmas\u0131 mecburidir. Ruhsat al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f yap\u0131larda herhangi bir de\u011fi\u015fiklik yap\u0131lmas\u0131 da yeniden ruhsat al\u0131nmas\u0131na ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Bu durumda; ba\u011f\u0131ms\u0131z b\u00f6l\u00fcmlerin br\u00fct alan\u0131 artm\u0131yorsa ve nitelik de\u011fi\u015fmiyorsa ruhsat, hi\u00e7bir vergi, resim ve harca tabi olmaz. Ancak; derz, i\u00e7 ve d\u0131\u015f s\u0131va, boya, badana, oluk, dere, do\u011frama, d\u00f6\u015feme ve tavan kaplamalar\u0131, elektrik ve s\u0131hhi tesisat tamirleri ile \u00e7at\u0131 onar\u0131m\u0131 ve kiremit aktar\u0131lmas\u0131 ve y\u00f6netmeli\u011fe uygun olarak mahallin hususiyetine g\u00f6re belediyelerce haz\u0131rlanacak imar y\u00f6netmeliklerinde belirtilecek ta\u015f\u0131y\u0131c\u0131 unsuru etkilemeyen di\u011fer tadilatlar ve tamiratlar ruhsata tabi de\u011fildir. Belediyeler veya valilikler mahallin ve \u00e7evrenin \u00f6zelliklerine g\u00f6re yap\u0131lar aras\u0131nda uyum sa\u011flamak, g\u00fczel bir g\u00f6r\u00fcn\u00fcm elde etmek amac\u0131yla d\u0131\u015f cephe boya ve kaplamalar\u0131 ile \u00e7at\u0131n\u0131n mal- zemesini ve rengini tayin etmeye yetkilidir. Bu Kanunun y\u00fcr\u00fcrl\u00fc\u011fe girmesinden \u00f6nce yap\u0131lm\u0131\u015f olan yap\u0131lar da bu h\u00fckme tabidir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka\u00e7ak Yap\u0131n\u0131n Hukuki Yapt\u0131r\u0131mlar\u0131 Uygulamas\u0131:<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Ruhsat al\u0131nmadan yap\u0131lan ruhsats\u0131z yap\u0131lar, ruhsatl\u0131 yap\u0131lardaki ruhsat ve eklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 olarak yap\u0131lan yap\u0131 ve esasl\u0131 tadilatlar \u201cka\u00e7ak yap\u0131\u201d veya \u201cimara ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131\u201d olarak nitelendirilmekte ve bu yap\u0131lar\u0131n sahiplerine kanunlarda \u00f6ng\u00f6r\u00fclen cezalar verilmektedir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ruhsats\u0131z veya ruhsat ve eklerine ayk\u0131r\u0131 ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131 yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131 tespit edildi\u011finde bina in\u015faat a\u015famas\u0131nda ise, ilk olarak belediye veya il \u00f6zel idaresinin ilgili fen elemanlar\u0131 taraf\u0131ndan 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun 32. maddesi uyar\u0131nca yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlenir ve bu tutanakla o andaki in\u015faat durumu tespit edilerek in\u015faat m\u00fch\u00fcrlenir. Ayr\u0131ca, yap\u0131n\u0131n imar mevzuat\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa dair bilgi, tapu kay\u0131tlar\u0131n\u0131n beyanlar hanesine kaydedilmek \u00fczere ilgili idaresince tapu dairesine en ge\u00e7 yedi g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yaz\u0131l\u0131 olarak bildirilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Daha sonra, imar mevzuat\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131 yapma eylemi nedeniyle 3194 say\u0131l\u0131 \u0130mar Kanunu\u2019nun 42. maddenin 2. f\u0131kras\u0131na g\u00f6re imar para cezas\u0131 verilir. Yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 d\u00fczenlendikten sonra verilen s\u00fcre verildiyse bu s\u00fcre i\u00e7inde, s\u00fcre verilmediyse en fazla bir ay i\u00e7inde imara ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131 i\u00e7in ruhsat al\u0131nmaz veya imara ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131k giderilmez ise ka\u00e7ak yap\u0131 hakk\u0131nda ayn\u0131 Kanun\u2019un 32. maddeye g\u00f6re y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 al\u0131n\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Son olarak imara mevzuat\u0131na ayk\u0131r\u0131 yap\u0131 sahibi hakk\u0131nda T\u00fcrk Ceza Kanunu\u2019nun 184. maddesinde d\u00fczenlenen imar kirlili\u011fine neden olma su\u00e7u nedeniyle Asliye Ceza Mahkemesinde ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131l\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dan\u0131\u015ftay 14. Dairesinin 31.05.2018 tarih ve E:2015\/5796, K:2018\/4311 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda;
\u201cOlayda; dava konusu enc\u00fcmen karar\u0131n\u0131n dayana\u011f\u0131 olan 20\/06\/2014 g\u00fcnl\u00fc yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131 incelendi\u011finde, s\u00f6z konusu yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131nda yap\u0131n\u0131n durumunun “binan\u0131n taban alan\u0131 geni\u015fletilerek yol ve kom\u015fu \u00e7ekme mesafesine tecav\u00fcz edildi\u011fi, galeri bo\u015flu\u011fu kapat\u0131larak odaya d\u00f6n\u00fc\u015ft\u00fcr\u00fcld\u00fc\u011f\u00fc, projede olmayan 2. bodrum kat yap\u0131ld\u0131\u011f\u0131, \u00f6rt\u00fc ama\u00e7l\u0131 \u00e7at\u0131 y\u00fckseltilerek bir k\u0131sm\u0131nda \u00e7at\u0131 aras\u0131 mekanlar olu\u015fturuldu\u011fu” \u015feklinde tespit edildi\u011fi ancak ruhsat ve eki projelere ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131n, \u00f6l\u00e7\u00fcmlerinin somut ve ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 olarak saptanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 yap\u0131da bulunan ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131n hali haz\u0131rdaki durumunun ayr\u0131nt\u0131l\u0131 bir \u015fekilde tespit edilmedi\u011fi\u201d gerek\u00e7esiyle yap\u0131 tatil tutana\u011f\u0131n\u0131n, y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131n\u0131n ve 222.677,00 TL idari para cezas\u0131n\u0131n hukuka ayk\u0131r\u0131 oldu\u011funa karar verilmi\u015ftir.
 
Dan\u0131\u015ftay 14. Dairesinin 27.02.2019 tarih ve E:2018\/5803, K:2019\/1436 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda;
\u201cBu durumda; yukar\u0131da bahsedilen kat kar\u015f\u0131l\u0131\u011f\u0131 in\u015faat s\u00f6zle\u015fmesine g\u00f6re “ruhsata ayk\u0131r\u0131l\u0131klar\u0131 yapan” ki\u015fi olan y\u00fcklenici firma, imar para cezas\u0131n\u0131n muhatab\u0131 olaca\u011f\u0131ndan, bu hususta ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131larak ona g\u00f6re para cezas\u0131 tesis edilmesi gerekirken, arsa sahibi davac\u0131lar ad\u0131na para cezas\u0131 verilmesine ili\u015fkin dava konusu i\u015flemde hukuka uyarl\u0131k g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.\u201d
 
Dan\u0131\u015ftay 14. Dairesinin 27.01.2015 tarih ve E:2014\/9878, K;2015\/407 say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131nda;
\u201cOlayda daval\u0131 idare taraf\u0131ndan dava konusu yap\u0131n\u0131n tamam\u0131na y\u0131k\u0131m karar\u0131 verilmi\u015f olup; uyu\u015fmazl\u0131k konusu yap\u0131n\u0131n 471,5 m2’lik k\u0131sm\u0131 i\u00e7in yap\u0131 ruhsat\u0131 ve yap\u0131 kullanma izni belgesi al\u0131nm\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 nedeniyle, sadece ruhsats\u0131z olan k\u0131s\u0131mlar i\u00e7in y\u0131k\u0131m (ve para cezas\u0131) karar\u0131 al\u0131nabilece\u011finden ruhsatl\u0131 olan k\u0131sm\u0131 da kapsar \u015fekilde y\u0131k\u0131m (ve para cezas\u0131) karar\u0131 al\u0131nmas\u0131nda hukuki isabet g\u00f6r\u00fclmemi\u015ftir.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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