{"id":6319,"date":"2021-08-30T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-30T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/?p=6319"},"modified":"2021-08-30T14:15:56","modified_gmt":"2021-08-30T11:15:56","slug":"beraat-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/beraat-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"What is acquittal?"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Beraat<\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

What is acquittal?<\/strong> | Dilek Yavuz Uysal<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

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Dilek Yavuz Uysal<\/strong> <\/span><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n
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What is acquittal?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n

Beraat, su\u00e7lu oldu\u011fu iddias\u0131 ile hakk\u0131nda ceza davas\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131lan san\u0131\u011f\u0131n, yarg\u0131lama neticesinde su\u00e7suz bulunmas\u0131 demektir. Yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lan san\u0131k hakk\u0131nda cezaya h\u00fckmolunmamas\u0131 neticesini do\u011furan bir h\u00fck\u00fcm \u00e7e\u015fididir. Halk aras\u0131nda ”aklanma” olarak da bilinir. Yarg\u0131lama sonucu beraat eden ki\u015finin isnat edilen su\u00e7u i\u015flemedi\u011fi , su\u00e7la ili\u015fi\u011fi olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ispatlanm\u0131\u015f olur. Mahkeme, beraat karar\u0131n\u0131 verirken hangi sebeple beraate h\u00fckmetti\u011fini a\u00e7\u0131klamak ve bunu gerek\u00e7elendirmek zorundad\u0131r. Bu gerek\u00e7elendirmenin \u00f6nemi, verilen beraat karar\u0131n\u0131n kar\u015f\u0131 taraf\u00e7a istinaf edilmesi noktas\u0131nda \u00f6nem ta\u015f\u0131r.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n

Beraat karar\u0131 CMK <\/a>223’te d\u00fczenlenmi\u015f olup a\u015fa\u011f\u0131daki hallerde verilir.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

  1. Y\u00fcklenen fiilin kanunda su\u00e7 olarak tan\u0131mlanmam\u0131\u015f olmas\u0131 (\u00f6rne\u011fin alkol almak su\u00e7 de\u011fildir.)<\/li>
  2. Y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7un san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmedi\u011finin sabit olmas\u0131, ( \u00f6rne\u011fin g\u00f6revi yapt\u0131rmamak i\u00e7in direnme su\u00e7unu i\u015fleyen ki\u015finin tespiti i\u00e7in yanl\u0131\u015f ki\u015fi hakk\u0131nda yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lmas\u0131)<\/li>
  3. Y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7 a\u00e7\u0131s\u0131ndan failin kast veya taksirinin bulunmamas\u0131, (\u00d6rne\u011fin, askerlik yapt\u0131\u011f\u0131 halde oy kullanan ve 298 say\u0131l\u0131 yasaya muhalefet su\u00e7undan yarg\u0131lanan ki\u015fi, askerden geldi\u011finde se\u00e7men ka\u011f\u0131d\u0131n\u0131 evde buldu\u011funu, oy kullanmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 takdirde para cezas\u0131yla cezaland\u0131r\u0131laca\u011f\u0131n\u0131 d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcnerek oy kulland\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 ifade eden ki\u015finin su\u00e7 kast\u0131 yoktur )<\/li>
  4. \u00fcklenen su\u00e7un san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flenmesine ra\u011fmen, olayda bir hukuka uygunluk nedeninin bulunmas\u0131 ( Kanunun H\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc Yerine Getirme, Me\u015fru Savunma, Hakk\u0131n Kullan\u0131lmas\u0131, \u0130lgilinin R\u0131zas\u0131 durumlar\u0131d\u0131r.)<\/li>
  5. Y\u00fcklenen su\u00e7un san\u0131k taraf\u0131ndan i\u015flendi\u011finin sabit olmamas\u0131, hallerinde verilir. ( Hakk\u0131nda bir su\u00e7 \u015f\u00fcphesi ile yarg\u0131lama yap\u0131lan ki\u015fi aleyhine hi\u00e7 delil olmamas\u0131)<\/li><\/ol>\n\n\n\n

    CMK <\/a>Madde 223 Gerek\u00e7esi<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Maddede duru\u015fmaya son veren, mahkemenin i\u015ften el \u00e7ekti\u011fi kararlar\u0131n; beraat, mahk\u00fbmiyet, davan\u0131n reddi, davan\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015fmesi, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n durmas\u0131, g\u00f6revsizlik, yetkisizlik, h\u00fckm\u00fcn geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131, ceza ehliyetsizli\u011fi nedeniyle ceza verilmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, tedbir, evlenme nedeniyle davan\u0131n veya cezan\u0131n ertelenmesi oldu\u011fu belirtilmi\u015ftir. Bunlardan uyu\u015fmazl\u0131\u011f\u0131n esas\u0131n\u0131 \u00e7\u00f6zen; beraat, mahk\u00fbmiyet, davan\u0131n reddi, davan\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015fmesi, adl\u00ee yarg\u0131 d\u0131\u015f\u0131ndaki bir yarg\u0131 merciine y\u00f6nelik g\u00f6revsizlik, ceza ehliyetsizli\u011fi nedeniyle ceza verilmesine yer olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131, tedbir, evlenme nedeniyle dava ve cezan\u0131n ertelenmesi kararlar\u0131n\u0131n h\u00fck\u00fcm niteli\u011finde bulunduklar\u0131 a\u00e7\u0131klanm\u0131\u015ft\u0131r. Bu ay\u0131r\u0131m ayn\u0131 zamanda h\u00fck\u00fcm ve kararlar\u0131n t\u00e2bi olduklar\u0131 kanun yolunun belirlenmesinde de kolayl\u0131k sa\u011flamaktad\u0131r. H\u00fck\u00fcmlere kar\u015f\u0131 istinaf yolu ve bunlar\u0131n d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda kalan yarg\u0131laman\u0131n durmas\u0131, adl\u00ee yarg\u0131 i\u00e7erisinde kalan g\u00f6revsizlik, yetkisizlik ve h\u00fckm\u00fcn geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 kararlar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 da itiraz yolu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    B\u00f6ylece yarg\u0131laman\u0131n durmas\u0131 karar\u0131n\u0131n t\u00e2bi olaca\u011f\u0131 kanun yolu konusunda uygulamada zaman zaman \u00e7\u0131kan teredd\u00fctler ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lm\u0131\u015f, Yarg\u0131tay \u0130\u00e7tihad\u0131 Birle\u015ftirme Genel Kurulunun 17\/12\/1930 g\u00fcn ve 23\/3l say\u0131l\u0131 karar\u0131 do\u011frultusunda bu konunun itiraz\u0131 kabil kararlardan olmas\u0131 benimsenmi\u015ftir. Davay\u0131 sona erdiren kararlar kural olarak duru\u015fma sonunda verilir. Ancak davan\u0131n reddi, ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015f\u00fcr\u00fclmesi, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n durmas\u0131, g\u00f6revsizlik, yetkisizlik ve maddenin yedinci f\u0131kras\u0131nda tan\u0131mlanan derh\u00e2l beraat kararlar\u0131n\u0131n, duru\u015fma a\u00e7\u0131lmadan, duru\u015fma haz\u0131rl\u0131\u011f\u0131 a\u015famas\u0131nda verilmesi olana\u011f\u0131 vard\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Maddenin d\u00f6rd\u00fcnc\u00fc f\u0131kras\u0131nda, davan\u0131n reddine karar verilebilecek h\u00e2ller, be\u015finci f\u0131kras\u0131nda yarg\u0131laman\u0131n durmas\u0131 ko\u015fullar\u0131 g\u00f6sterilmi\u015ftir. Madde, ayr\u0131ca davan\u0131n ortadan kald\u0131r\u0131lmas\u0131 veya d\u00fc\u015fmesi h\u00e2llerinin varl\u0131\u011f\u0131 veya yarg\u0131lama ko\u015fulunun ger\u00e7ekle\u015fmeyece\u011finin anla\u015f\u0131lmas\u0131 h\u00e2linde do\u011frudan ortadan kald\u0131rma veya d\u00fc\u015fme karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekti\u011fini de h\u00fckme ba\u011flam\u0131\u015ft\u0131r.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Fiilin su\u00e7 olu\u015fturmamas\u0131 veya yeni bir yasal d\u00fczenleme ile su\u00e7 olmaktan \u00e7\u0131kar\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi herhangi bir ara\u015ft\u0131rmay\u0131 gerektirmeyen h\u00e2llerde derh\u00e2l beraat karar\u0131 verilmesi gerekir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Beraat Karar\u0131 \u0130stinaf Edilir Mi?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Code of Criminal Procedure<\/a>\u2019nun 272. maddesinin ilk f\u0131kras\u0131nda belirtilmi\u015f oldu\u011fu \u00fczere mahkemenin vermi\u015f oldu\u011fu h\u00fck\u00fcmlere kar\u015f\u0131 istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvurulaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015f olup beraat karar\u0131na kar\u015f\u0131 istinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuruda bulunulabilir. Ancak ayn\u0131 maddenin 3. f\u0131kras\u0131nda \u201c\u00fcst s\u0131n\u0131r\u0131 500 g\u00fcn\u00fc ge\u00e7meyen adli para cezas\u0131n\u0131 gerektiren su\u00e7lardan verilen beraat h\u00fck\u00fcmleri\u201dnin kesin oldu\u011fu ve istinafa ba\u015fvurulamayaca\u011f\u0131 belirtilmi\u015ftir. \u0130stinaf kanun yoluna ba\u015fvuru, yerel mahkemenin h\u00fckm\u00fcn\u00fc a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131ndan itibaren 7 g\u00fcn i\u00e7inde yap\u0131lmal\u0131d\u0131r. Beraat d\u0131\u015f\u0131nda verilen h\u00fck\u00fcmlere kar\u015f\u0131 da ( h\u00fckm\u00fcn a\u00e7\u0131klanmas\u0131n\u0131n geri b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131 gibi) itiraz yolu a\u00e7\u0131kt\u0131r.Bu itiraz ile, yarg\u0131lanan san\u0131k verilen h\u00fckm\u00fcn yeniden incelenmesini ve beraatine karar verilmesini talep edebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Beraat Karaar\u0131n\u0131n Tahliyeden Fark\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

     Tahliye edilmek : Hakk\u0131nda tutuklama karar\u0131 verilmi\u015f olan bir kimsenin serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131d\u0131r. Tutuklama , verilen g\u00fcvenlik tedbirlerinin sonuncusu olup belli \u015fartlara ba\u011fl\u0131d\u0131r. Soru\u015fturma evresinde cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 tutuklama sebeplerinin ortadan kalkt\u0131\u011f\u0131 ve tutuklamaya ihiya\u00e7 kalmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 kan\u0131s\u0131na ula\u015f\u0131rsa \u015f\u00fcpheliyi re’sen serbest b\u0131rakabilir. Bunun yan\u0131nda Cumhuriyet savc\u0131s\u0131 veya m\u00fcdafi sulh ceza hakiminden \u015f\u00fcphelinin tutuklulu\u011funa son verilip adli kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131narak ya da adli kontrol alt\u0131na al\u0131nmadan serbest b\u0131rak\u0131lmas\u0131n\u0131 isteyebilir. Bu durumda sulh ceza h\u00e2kimi tutuklama \u015fartlar\u0131n\u0131n devam etmekte olup olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131n\u0131 kontrol ederek tahliyeye karar verir veya reddeder. (Ceza Muhakemesi Kanunu (CMK)103\/1)<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Derhal Beraat Karar\u0131 Nedir?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Derhal beraat karar\u0131 verilebilmesi i\u00e7in i\u00e7in delil de\u011ferlendirmesine gerek olmamal\u0131d\u0131r. Fiilin su\u00e7 olmad\u0131\u011f\u0131 ortada ise derhal beraat karar\u0131 verme ko\u015fullar\u0131n\u0131n olu\u015ftu\u011funu kabul etmek gerekir. \u00d6rne\u011fin i\u015flenen h\u0131rs\u0131zl\u0131k su\u00e7unda \u015fikayet edilen ki\u015fi aran\u0131rken hastanede ameliyat olmu\u015f ve yatar halde bulunmu\u015fsa bu ki\u015finin su\u00e7u i\u015fleyemeye\u011fi a\u015fikard\u0131r. Bu durumda ba\u015fkaca incelemeye gerek olmaks\u0131z\u0131n derhal beraat karar\u0131 verilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Derhal beraat karar\u0131, sadece yarg\u0131laman\u0131n ba\u015flang\u0131c\u0131nda de\u011fil, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n herhangi a\u015famas\u0131nda verilebilecek bir karard\u0131r. Derhal kelimesinden kastedilen \u201cyarg\u0131laman\u0131n bulundu\u011fu a\u015fama\u201d itibariyle daha fazla ara\u015ft\u0131rma yap\u0131lmas\u0131 veya delil toplanmas\u0131na gerek olmamas\u0131 anlam\u0131ndad\u0131r. Bu nedenle, yarg\u0131laman\u0131n ba\u015f\u0131nda derhal beraat karar\u0131 verebilece\u011fi gibi yarg\u0131laman\u0131n ilerledi\u011fi herhangi bir evrede de derhal beraat karar\u0131 verilebilir.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Beraat Karar\u0131 Adli Sicil Kayd\u0131na \u0130\u015fler mi?<\/strong><\/h2>\n\n\n\n

    Beraat karar\u0131, derhal beraat karar\u0131 veya beraat karar\u0131n\u0131n konusu olan vak\u0131a hi\u00e7bir \u015fekilde adli sicil kayd\u0131na i\u015flenmez. Beraatin halk dilinde \u201caklanmak\u201d oldu\u011funu belirtmi\u015ftik. Aklanm\u0131\u015f bir kimsenin adli sicil kayd\u0131na hi\u00e7bir i\u015fleme yap\u0131lmaz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

    Konuya ili\u015fkin detayl\u0131 bilgi i\u00e7in Contact <\/a>sayfam\u0131z \u00fczerinden bize ula\u015fabilirsiniz.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

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