{"id":6103,"date":"2021-08-13T09:00:00","date_gmt":"2021-08-13T06:00:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/?p=6103"},"modified":"2021-08-18T22:13:14","modified_gmt":"2021-08-18T19:13:14","slug":"adi-ortaklik-nedir","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/adi-ortaklik-nedir\/","title":{"rendered":"What is a General Partnership?"},"content":{"rendered":"<div class=\"wp-block-image\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"1024\" height=\"538\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/2-1024x538.jpg\" alt=\"Adi Ortakl\u0131k Nedir?\" class=\"wp-image-6106\" srcset=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/2-1024x538.jpg 1024w, https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/2-300x158.jpg 300w, https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/2-768x403.jpg 768w, https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/2-18x9.jpg 18w, https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/2.jpg 1200w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 1024px) 100vw, 1024px\" \/><figcaption>What is a General Partnership?<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong>What is a General Partnership? | Izmir Commercial Lawyer<\/strong> | <strong>Mustafa Yolcu<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-columns is-layout-flex wp-container-core-columns-is-layout-9d6595d7 wp-block-columns-is-layout-flex\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:33.33%\">\n<div class=\"wp-block-image wp-duotone-000000-ffffff-1\"><figure class=\"aligncenter size-large is-resized\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/08\/1-1024x1024.png\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-6185\" width=\"256\" height=\"256\"\/><\/figure><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-column is-vertically-aligned-center is-layout-flow wp-block-column-is-layout-flow\" style=\"flex-basis:66.66%\">\n<h2 class=\"wp-block-heading\">What is a General Partnership?<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-black-color has-text-color\">A general partnership, unlike a limited liability or joint-stock company, can be defined as a type of company that does not have an independent legal personality or assets separate from its partners. The establishment of a general partnership requires the coming together of several individuals with the intention of forming a company. Since general partnerships are not considered commercial companies under the Turkish Commercial Code, they are regulated according to the relevant provisions of the Turkish Code of Obligations.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong><a href=\"https:\/\/www.mevzuat.gov.tr\/mevzuat?MevzuatNo=6098&amp;MevzuatTur=1&amp;MevzuatTertip=5\">Turkish Code of Obligations<\/a> \u2013 Article 620<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\">\u201cA general partnership agreement is a contract in which two or more persons undertake to combine their labor and assets to achieve a common purpose. If a partnership does not possess the distinguishing characteristics of partnerships regulated by law, it shall be considered a general partnership subject to the provisions of this section.\u201d<\/p>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Characteristics of a General Partnership<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Partnership Capital<br><\/strong>In a general partnership, each partner is obligated to contribute a share in the form of money, receivables, other goods, or labor.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Land Joining<br><\/strong>All profits earned within the scope of a general partnership must be shared among them.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Decision Making in Partnerships<br><\/strong>In a general partnership, decisions are made by unanimous vote of all partners, or, if the partnership agreement stipulates a majority vote, by a majority of the number of partners.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Partnership Management<br><\/strong>Unless the management of the general partnership has been entrusted to one or more partners or to a third party by contract or agreement, all partners have the right to manage it.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Non-compete clause<br><\/strong>Partners may not engage in any activities that hinder or harm the purpose of the partnership, either for their own benefit or the benefit of third parties.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Expenses and Activities Performed by Partners<br><\/strong>Partners are responsible for the expenses and debts incurred by one partner for the general partnership. If a partner has contributed labor to the company even though they were not obligated to do so, they may demand compensation for this labor. A partner who lends money to the partnership as an advance may demand interest from the date the loan was given.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Duty of Care<br><\/strong>Each partner is obligated to exercise the same level of effort and diligence in the partnership&#039;s affairs as they do in their own business.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Removal or Limitation of Administrative Authority<br><\/strong>The management authority of a partner granted management authority through the partnership agreement cannot be restricted or revoked by the other partners without a justifiable reason.<br>Even if the partnership agreement contains a clause stating that authority cannot be revoked, the management authority of each partner may be restricted if a justifiable reason exists.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-list\"><li><strong>Review of General Partnership<br><\/strong>Even without management authority, each partner has the right to obtain information about the operation of the partnership, to examine its books and records, to take copies thereof, and to prepare a summary of its financial status.<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<h2 class=\"has-black-color has-text-color wp-block-heading\">Precedent Court Decisions<\/h2>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong>Court of Cassation, 3rd Civil Chamber, Case No. 2015\/9468 E., Decision No. 2015\/14079 K.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-black-color has-text-color\">Article 620 of the Turkish Code of Obligations states:\u201c<em>A general partnership agreement is a contract in which two or more people undertake to combine their labor and assets to achieve a common goal.<\/em>\u201dThe contractual element is clearly stated as follows:.<br>Partners unite around a contract to achieve a common goal. For a contract to be formed, the parties must express their mutual and congruent intentions. A general partnership is established to achieve a common purpose. For a common purpose to exist, the goal sought through the contract must be shared by all partners.<br>Article 620 of the Turkish Code of Obligations explicitly states that the element of &quot;common purpose&quot; is a fundamental element of the contract. It is not sufficient for the partners to simply come together to achieve a common purpose. Therefore, the partners must also commit to participating in the efforts to achieve this purpose and to cooperate and work together towards it, fulfilling their respective obligations in this regard. In other words, the partners are under an obligation to show equal effort and diligence in achieving the common purpose. The mere fact that the contract stipulates an obligation for partners to contribute capital does not automatically mean that the obligation to work together is also included. This element must be explicitly stated in the contract. (N. Barlas 38, OH\u015e.117.sy)<br>In other words, <strong>For a relationship between the parties to be considered a partnership, it must include a contract, the parties involved in the contract, capital shares, common goals, and elements of cooperation.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong>Supreme Court<\/strong> <strong>3rd Law Chamber<\/strong> <strong>E. 2016\/2844<\/strong> <strong>K. 2017\/12266<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-black-color has-text-color\">A partner&#039;s request for their share of the capital in a general partnership also encompasses the dissolution and liquidation of the partnership. The partnership cannot be considered liquidated unless there is an agreement between the parties or a court decision. In other words, unless there is an agreement between the parties regarding their rights and obligations in the partnership, or this matter is determined by a court decision and liquidation is ordered, the general partnership should be considered to continue. <strong>The statute of limitations does not begin to apply to ordinary partnerships that have not been dissolved or liquidated.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong>Supreme Court<\/strong> <strong>3rd Law Chamber<\/strong> <strong>E. 2011\/10282<\/strong> <strong>K. 2011\/14972<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-black-color has-text-color\">The lawsuit concerns the dissolution of a general partnership, and applying the provisions of the Civil Code regarding the dissolution of partnerships to this case is incorrect. Considering the value of the lawsuit, the application of these provisions is not appropriate.<strong> To be heard in the Civil Court of First Instance <\/strong>The court should have dismissed the case on grounds of lack of jurisdiction, but instead, it incorrectly rendered a judgment on the merits of the case.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-center has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong> Supreme Court 12th Civil Chamber, Case No. 2013\/8935, Decision No. 2013\/17242<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-text-align-justify has-black-color has-text-color\">According to Articles 625 and 637 (Articles 525 and 533 of the old Code of Obligations) of the Turkish Code of Obligations No. 6098, a partner who is granted the right to manage the company has the authority to represent the company and the other partners. As stated in the justification for the article, the second paragraph of Article 637 of the Turkish Code of Obligations states that:, <strong>It has been stipulated that if one of the partners conducts a transaction with a third party on behalf of the partnership or all partners, the other partners shall only be creditors or debtors of that person in accordance with the provisions relating to representation.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\">For legal advice on this matter, please contact our expert team. <a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/iletisim\/\"><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">Contact<\/span> <\/a>page.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Here are some other works that might interest you:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div 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rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is the Privacy Policy?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/yatirim-sureclerinde-kitle-fonlama\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Crowdfunding in Investment Processes<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-6&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading has-small-font-size\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-6-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-6\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Competition Law and Tax Liability<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-6\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-6-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/haksiz-rekabet-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is Unfair Competition?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/rekabet-kurumuna-taahhut-basvurusu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Application for Commitment to the Competition Authority<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/birlesme-devralmalarda-rekabet-kurulu-izni\/\" type=\"post\" id=\"8477\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Competition Board Approval for Mergers and Acquisitions<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/supheli-alacak\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Doubtful Receivables under the Tax Procedure Law<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/yonetim-kurulunun-vergi-borclarindan-sorumlulugu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Board of Directors&#039; Liability for Tax Debts<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/faturaya-itiraz\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Dispute the Invoice<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=E&amp;source=gmail&amp;q=https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/vergi-yapilandirma\/\">Tax Restructuring and Law Amendment<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<div data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;autoclose&quot;: false, &quot;accordionItems&quot;: [] }\" data-wp-interactive=\"core\/accordion\" role=\"group\" class=\"wp-block-accordion is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-is-layout-flow\">\n<div data-wp-class--is-open=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-context=\"{ &quot;id&quot;: &quot;accordion-item-7&quot;, &quot;openByDefault&quot;: false }\" data-wp-init=\"callbacks.initAccordionItems\" data-wp-on-window--hashchange=\"callbacks.hashChange\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-item is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-item-is-layout-flow\">\n<h3 class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading has-small-font-size\"><button aria-expanded=\"false\" aria-controls=\"accordion-item-7-panel\" data-wp-bind--aria-expanded=\"state.isOpen\" data-wp-on--click=\"actions.toggle\" data-wp-on--keydown=\"actions.handleKeyDown\" id=\"accordion-item-7\" type=\"button\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle\"><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-title\">Basic Business Concepts and Procedures<\/span><span class=\"wp-block-accordion-heading__toggle-icon\" aria-hidden=\"true\">+<\/span><\/button><\/h3>\n\n\n\n<div inert aria-labelledby=\"accordion-item-7\" data-wp-bind--inert=\"!state.isOpen\" id=\"accordion-item-7-panel\" role=\"region\" class=\"wp-block-accordion-panel is-layout-flow wp-block-accordion-panel-is-layout-flow\">\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/mucbir-sebep-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is Force Majeure?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/ticari-is-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is a commercial transaction?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/tacir-ne-demek\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What does merchant mean?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/sebepsiz-zenginlesme-nedir\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">What is unjust enrichment?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/tahmil-tahliye-nedir\/\">What is Loading and Unloading?<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/sirketler-icin-uyap\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">UYAP for Companies<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/ticari-defterlerin-kaybolmasi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Loss of Business Ledgers<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/ihracat-bedellerinin-turkiyeye-getirilmesi-zorunlulugu\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">Obligation to Bring Export Proceeds to T\u00fcrkiye<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/menkul-satislarda-turk-parasi-kullanilmasi\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\">The Obligation to Use Turkish Currency in Securities Sales<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/bankalarin-mevduati-iade-etme-yukumlulugu\/\">Banks' Obligation to Return Deposits<\/a><\/li>\n\n\n\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.google.com\/url?sa=E&amp;source=gmail&amp;q=https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/ad-hoc-nedir\/\">What is Ad Hoc Arbitration?<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n\n\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/efeshukuk.com\/en\/calisma-alanlari\/izmir-ticaret-avukati\/\">Izmir Commercial Lawyer<\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<div class=\"wp-block-media-text alignwide is-stacked-on-mobile\" style=\"grid-template-columns:30% auto\"><figure class=\"wp-block-media-text__media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"720\" height=\"720\" src=\"https:\/\/www.efeshukuk.com\/wp-content\/uploads\/2021\/01\/Ephesus-Law-Firm-3.jpg\" alt=\"Logo\" class=\"wp-image-1057 size-full\" srcset=\"\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 720px) 100vw, 720px\" data-srcset=\"\" \/><\/figure><div class=\"wp-block-media-text__content\">\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color translation-block\"><strong>Address:<\/strong> Nergis Neighborhood, Girne Boulevard No: 83, Floor 2, Apartment 2, Kar\u015f\u0131yaka, \u0130zmir<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong>E-mail<\/strong>: <a href=\"mailto:contact@example.com\"><span class=\"has-inline-color has-vivid-cyan-blue-color\">info@efeshukuk.com<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-black-color has-text-color\"><strong>Phone<\/strong>: +90 534 415 52 56<\/p>\n\n\n\n<style>\n\/* --- Sosyal ve \u0130leti\u015fim \u0130kon Kapsay\u0131c\u0131 --- *\/\n.efes-social-wrapper {\n    display: flex;\n    gap: 12px;\n    justify-content: flex-start; \/* Sola yaslar, kart i\u00e7inde kullanacaksan\u0131z center yapabilirsiniz *\/\n    padding: 20px 0;\n    background: #ffffff;\n    flex-wrap: wrap; \/* Mobilde ta\u015fma yapmamas\u0131 i\u00e7in *\/\n}\n\n\/* --- \u0130kon Buton Stili --- *\/\n.efes-social-btn {\n    width: 40px;\n    height: 40px;\n    display: flex;\n    align-items: center;\n   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